from notebook_preamble import J, V, define
Quadratic formula¶
-b ± sqrt(b^2 - 4 * a * c)
--------------------------------
2 * a
\(\frac{-b \pm \sqrt{b^2 - 4ac}}{2a}\)
Write a straightforward program with variable names.¶
This math translates to Joy code in a straightforward manner. We are going to use named variables to keep track of the arguments, then write a definition without them.
-b¶
b neg
sqrt(b^2 - 4 * a * c)¶
b sqr 4 a c * * - sqrt
/2a¶
a 2 * /
±¶
There is a function pm that accepts two values on the stack and
replaces them with their sum and difference.
pm == [+] [-] cleave popdd
Putting Them Together¶
b neg b sqr 4 a c * * - sqrt pm a 2 * [/] cons app2
We use app2 to compute both roots by using a quoted program
[2a /] built with cons.
Derive a definition.¶
Working backwards we use dip and dipd to extract the code from
the variables:
b neg b sqr 4 a c * * - sqrt pm a 2 * [/] cons app2
b [neg] dupdip sqr 4 a c * * - sqrt pm a 2 * [/] cons app2
b a c [[neg] dupdip sqr 4] dipd * * - sqrt pm a 2 * [/] cons app2
b a c a [[[neg] dupdip sqr 4] dipd * * - sqrt pm] dip 2 * [/] cons app2
b a c over [[[neg] dupdip sqr 4] dipd * * - sqrt pm] dip 2 * [/] cons app2
The three arguments are to the left, so we can “chop off” everything to
the right and say it’s the definition of the quadratic function:
define('quadratic == over [[[neg] dupdip sqr 4] dipd * * - sqrt pm] dip 2 * [/] cons app2')
Let’s try it out:
J('3 1 1 quadratic')
-0.3819660112501051 -2.618033988749895
If you look at the Joy evaluation trace you can see that the first few
lines are the dip and dipd combinators building the main program
by incorporating the values on the stack. Then that program runs and you
get the results. This is pretty typical of Joy code.
V('-5 1 4 quadratic')
. -5 1 4 quadratic
-5 . 1 4 quadratic
-5 1 . 4 quadratic
-5 1 4 . quadratic
-5 1 4 . over [[[neg] dupdip sqr 4] dipd * * - sqrt pm] dip 2 * [/] cons app2
-5 1 4 1 . [[[neg] dupdip sqr 4] dipd * * - sqrt pm] dip 2 * [/] cons app2
-5 1 4 1 [[[neg] dupdip sqr 4] dipd * * - sqrt pm] . dip 2 * [/] cons app2
-5 1 4 . [[neg] dupdip sqr 4] dipd * * - sqrt pm 1 2 * [/] cons app2
-5 1 4 [[neg] dupdip sqr 4] . dipd * * - sqrt pm 1 2 * [/] cons app2
-5 . [neg] dupdip sqr 4 1 4 * * - sqrt pm 1 2 * [/] cons app2
-5 [neg] . dupdip sqr 4 1 4 * * - sqrt pm 1 2 * [/] cons app2
-5 . neg -5 sqr 4 1 4 * * - sqrt pm 1 2 * [/] cons app2
5 . -5 sqr 4 1 4 * * - sqrt pm 1 2 * [/] cons app2
5 -5 . sqr 4 1 4 * * - sqrt pm 1 2 * [/] cons app2
5 -5 . dup mul 4 1 4 * * - sqrt pm 1 2 * [/] cons app2
5 -5 -5 . mul 4 1 4 * * - sqrt pm 1 2 * [/] cons app2
5 25 . 4 1 4 * * - sqrt pm 1 2 * [/] cons app2
5 25 4 . 1 4 * * - sqrt pm 1 2 * [/] cons app2
5 25 4 1 . 4 * * - sqrt pm 1 2 * [/] cons app2
5 25 4 1 4 . * * - sqrt pm 1 2 * [/] cons app2
5 25 4 4 . * - sqrt pm 1 2 * [/] cons app2
5 25 16 . - sqrt pm 1 2 * [/] cons app2
5 9 . sqrt pm 1 2 * [/] cons app2
5 3.0 . pm 1 2 * [/] cons app2
8.0 2.0 . 1 2 * [/] cons app2
8.0 2.0 1 . 2 * [/] cons app2
8.0 2.0 1 2 . * [/] cons app2
8.0 2.0 2 . [/] cons app2
8.0 2.0 2 [/] . cons app2
8.0 2.0 [2 /] . app2
[8.0] [2 /] . infra first [2.0] [2 /] infra first
8.0 . 2 / [] swaack first [2.0] [2 /] infra first
8.0 2 . / [] swaack first [2.0] [2 /] infra first
4.0 . [] swaack first [2.0] [2 /] infra first
4.0 [] . swaack first [2.0] [2 /] infra first
[4.0] . first [2.0] [2 /] infra first
4.0 . [2.0] [2 /] infra first
4.0 [2.0] . [2 /] infra first
4.0 [2.0] [2 /] . infra first
2.0 . 2 / [4.0] swaack first
2.0 2 . / [4.0] swaack first
1.0 . [4.0] swaack first
1.0 [4.0] . swaack first
4.0 [1.0] . first
4.0 1.0 .
